Antique Rug Expert Eli Peer 

on What to Look For 

When Buying a Fine Rug 





Eli Peer Oriental Rugs in Evanston, Illinois, has long been a renowned destination for architects, interior designers, and collectors seeking antique, world-class oriental rugs. Peer comes from a family of rug dealers going back generations in his native Iran and has devoted his life to finding and studying the best examples of rugs from around the world. Incollect spoke with him about what makes a special and unique rug and what to look for when buying antique oriental rugs.  



by Benjamin Genocchio 



What got you into this business? 

My passion for antique rugs stems from my family’s deep-rooted history in the rug trade in Iran, where I was born, and which has spanned several generations—I come from a famous family that once had looms and made and sold our own rugs in Iran.  I grew up surrounded by exquisite rugs and textiles and in this way, I developed a deep appreciation for their fine quality, masterful workmanship, and the beauty of natural dyes. The history woven into each rug fascinates me. I am also inspired by the love and passion of my customers, who share my admiration for these timeless treasures. 



Versatile runner rugs can be used in entryways, hallways, on the sides, or at the foot of a bed. Gallery-size runners are wider than standard, usually 4 feet or more. Here are three fine examples from Eli Peer’s extensive inventory. Left to right: 1. A handmade wool Kazak/Caucasian runner, Iran, circa 1880. The design reflects the cultural melting pot of the area, with a pattern composed of geometric people and animals, symbolic motifs, dramatic medallions, crenelated fence borders, and angular cloud bands. 2. Chinese Art Deco gallery-size runner, hand-knotted wool and silk, China, circa 1910-1920s. Pictorial scenes of trees, birds, clouds, mountains, dragons, butterflies, and flowers. 3. Antique Persian Bakhtiari tribal gallery-size runner, Iran, circa 1900. Handwoven vegetable-dyed wool. The pattern features a symbolic tree of life with animals, and geometric and floral motifs, in rich multicolor tones on a deep brown background.



What geographical, historical period, or style do you specialize in? 

I focus primarily on antique rugs made during the 18th, 19th, and early 20th centuries, with a particular emphasis on Persian rugs, followed by Caucasian, Turkish, Chinese, Tibetan, Indian, European, and Native American rugs. Most rugs are in two distinct styles—geometric and floral—each with its own artistic and cultural significance.



What are some of your favorite and most prestigious 19th and 20th-century rugs? 

Some of my favorites include Persian Heriz and Serapi rugs, renowned for their durability and striking geometric patterns, and finely woven Caucasian and Navajo rugs. I also deeply admire the artistry of Art Deco Chinese rugs, which feature bold, innovative designs and luxurious color palettes.



Repair and restoration services are among the services offered at Eli Peer. The work is done by hand with meticulous attention to detail so that the repair is invisible. Antique rugs are known for their durability, are family-friendly, and are meant to be passed down through generations.



Do Oriental rugs usually require restoration, and is that something you offer? 

Over time, every rug requires some level of care, whether it be restoration, repair, or cleaning. Restoration is a significant part of our business, and we ensure that all work is carried out by highly skilled experts. The repairs are done so meticulously that they are nearly undetectable, preserving the rug’s originality and value. Cleaning is also handled with great care, using the right materials and methods to protect the rug’s fibers and colors while removing dirt and residue.



What are the distinguishing characteristics of the best work? 

The finest rugs are defined by three key elements. Firstly the clarity of design: A well-executed rug maintains precision in its pattern, whether floral or geometric. Secondly the intricacy of the weave: The tighter and more precise the weave, the more refined the craftsmanship. Finally natural dyes and colors: The use of high-quality, naturally sourced dyes creates a depth and vibrancy that synthetic colors simply cannot replicate. Equally important is the quality of the materials—whether wool, cotton, or silk. The best wool comes from high-altitude sheep and is hand-spun for durability and luster. Silk, prized for its sheen and fine weave, is often sourced from Persia, Turkey, or China, while high-quality cotton provides a strong foundation for precision weaving. The way these materials are treated— through traditional hand-dyeing techniques and careful aging—determines the longevity and beauty of the rug. 



Navajo Eye Dazzler rugs are distinguished by their bold colors and striking patterns and are often displayed as wall hangings. Two fine examples of the art, handwoven in homespun wool with natural wool color and dyed wool, circa 1890s.



What do you personally collect, live with, and love? 

This is a difficult question because there are so many incredible rugs that I love. However, what draws me most is the history, craftsmanship, and uniqueness of each piece. I am especially drawn to antique tribal rugs from Central Asia, finely woven Persian Tabriz rugs, and beautifully intricate Caucasian weavings. Each tells a story of its time, culture, and the skilled artisans who created them.



Are there any issues exporting or selling historical rugs from some countries? 

Yes, there are restrictions on certain rugs. For example, Persian rugs are currently under an embargo, preventing their direct export to the U.S. We are always mindful of legal and ethical considerations when sourcing historical pieces.



Left: Antique Persian Sarouk Feraghan Carpet, hand-knotted wool, circa 1890. Right: Antique Turkoman Tekke Tribal Carpet, hand-knotted wool, Turkmenistan, circa 1880s.



You must have sourced and seen thousands of exceptional rugs over the years. What is one of your most surprising finds? 

I have come across many incredible rugs, from Turkish Anatolian and Caucasian masterpieces to rare Central Asian weavings. However, one of my most fascinating finds was an antique Persian Tabriz rug featuring an unusual and captivating design of elephants, lions, and peacocks. The combination of the finest wool, intricate detailing, and exceptional weave made it a truly remarkable piece—unlike anything I had ever seen before.



Do you source rugs for clients, such as finding additional rugs to complete a set or searching for a client’s “Holy Grail”? 

Absolutely. Many of my clients have specific requests, whether it’s completing a set, finding a rug of a particular origin, or tracking down a once-in-a-lifetime piece. With my extensive network and deep knowledge of the market, I take great pride in sourcing rare and exceptional rugs that meet my client's unique preferences and collections. The oldest rugs I find tend to be mostly 18th century as it is hard today to find anything earlier. These are real collector’s items and are very expensive— they can go into the millions of dollars at auction.



Chinese Art Deco rugs are a synthesis of cultures. They incorporated traditional Chinese symbols - dragons, phoenixes, peonies, and scroll motifs — into contemporary Deco designs and color palettes that appealed to Western tastes. Left: Chinese Art Deco rug, handwoven wool, circa 1920s. This rug has all the classic hallmarks of the style, with a vibrant color palette, wide border, and a design of buds, blooms, and leaves that meanders from the border into the central panel. Right: Chinese Art Deco Peking Dragon Carpet, handwoven wool, blue background with camel border, circa 1920-1949. 



What is wonderful about these rugs, and where and how do you see them being used or placed in a home? 

Antique rugs bring warmth and character to any space and are perfect for adding a touch of timeless elegance to a living room, library, or grand entrance hall. Art Deco Chinese Rugs from the early 20th century are especially unique in their artistic expression, with flowing, asymmetrical designs and soft, luxurious color palettes. They are modern-looking and fit beautifully into either classic or contemporary interiors, adding an air of sophistication to a sitting room or bedroom. These are some of my best sellers right now. We also sell 16th- and 17th-century Chinese rugs but they are much more expensive (generally over $100,000 each) and increasingly hard to find in good condition.



Ushak rugs have been in production since the 15th century. They are known for their silky sheen, the use of superb wools and natural dyes, and the fine Ghiordies knot, or Turkish knot. Antique 'Oushak' Carpet, distinctive soft apricot color, Turkey circa 1900-1919. 



What is one important thing people should know when buying oriental rugs? 

There are many different kinds of rugs because they were made for different purposes. Some rugs, usually the more recent export ones, were made for a living room or dining room or as runners—these are practical rugs in functional sizes. Others were made as special orders, so they are of a particular size and design. Then there are rugs that were made for use in people’s tents, which are completely different in size, design, and condition. Then there are religious rugs like Islamic prayer rugs that were made for religious devotion — Afghan prayer rugs are popular right now. It is helpful to understand the category of rug you are looking at.  





Your gallery is in Illinois, but you sell all over the world. How has the business changed in the past decades? 

Years ago, I primarily sold to customers in Illinois or wholesale to dealers in New York. However, with the rise of the internet and online marketplaces like Incollect, my business has expanded beyond Illinois. Today, I can offer my collection not only to customers across the U.S. but also to collectors and designers around the world. The global reach of the internet has completely transformed the business, allowing me to connect with collectors and enthusiasts who truly appreciate the artistry and history of these rugs.



Do you work with interior designers? 

I am frequently contacted by designers and architects looking to furnish homes with special pieces. I don't want to mention names but I have worked on several interior design projects for famous private clients as well as corporate buildings in New York, Washington D.C., Chicago, and Los Angeles. 




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